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Never Say Never Again

1983 James Bond moving-picture show directed past Irvin Kershner

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Never Say Never Once again
British cinema poster by Renato Casaro
Directed by	Irvin Kershner
Screenplay past	Lorenzo Semple Jr.
Story by	Kevin McClory Jack Whittingham Ian Fleming
Based on	Thunderball by Ian Fleming
Produced past	Jack Schwartzman
Starring	Sean Connery Klaus Maria Brandauer Max von Sydow Barbara Carrera Kim Basinger Bernie Casey Alec McCowen Edward Fox
Cinematography	Douglas Slocombe
Edited past	Ian Crafford
Music by	Michel Legrand
Production company	Taliafilm
Distributed past	Warner Bros. (U.S.) Columbia-EMI-Warner Distributors (U.One thousand.)[i]
Release dates	seven October 1983 (1983-x-07) (U.S.) 15 Dec 1983 (1983-12-15) (U.One thousand.)
Running time	134 minutes
Countries	United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United states of america
Language	English
Budget	$36 1000000
Box part	$160 meg[2]

Never Say Never Again is a 1983 spy motion picture directed past Irvin Kershner. The film is based on the 1961 James Bail novel Thunderball past Ian Fleming, which in plough was based on an original story by Kevin McClory, Jack Whittingham, and Fleming. The novel had been previously adjusted in a 1965 movie of the aforementioned name. Never Say Never Again was not produced by Eon Productions, but past Jack Schwartzman's Taliafilm. The picture was executive produced by Kevin McClory, one of the original writers of the Thunderball storyline. McClory retained the filming rights of the novel following a long legal boxing dating from the 1960s.

Sean Connery played the role of Bond for the seventh and final time, marker his return to the character 12 years after Diamonds Are Forever. The film's title is a reference to Connery's reported declaration in 1971 that he would "never" play that role again. As Connery was 52 at the fourth dimension of filming, although nearly three years younger than incumbent Bail Roger Moore, the storyline features an aging Bond who is brought dorsum into action to investigate the theft of two nuclear weapons past SPECTRE. Filming locations included French republic, Spain, the Bahama islands and Elstree Studios in the U.k..

Never Say Never Again was released by Warner Bros. on 7 October 1983, and opened to positive reviews, with the acting of Connery and Klaus Maria Brandauer singled out for praise as more emotionally resonant than the typical Bond films of the day. The film was a commercial success, grossing $160 million at the box office, although less overall than the Eon-produced Octopussy, released before the same twelvemonth.

Plot

After MI6 agent James Bond, 007, fails a routine preparation practice, his superior, M, orders Bail to a health clinic exterior London to get back into shape. While there, Bond witnesses a mysterious nurse named Fatima Blush giving a sadomasochistic beating to a patient in a nearby room. The man's face is bandaged and afterwards Blush finishes her beating, Bond sees the patient using a auto which scans his eye. Bond is seen by Blush, who sends an assassin, Lippe, to impale him in the clinic gym, simply Bail manages to impale Lippe.

Blush and her charge, a heroin-addicted United States Air Force pilot named Jack Petachi, are operatives of SPECTRE, a criminal organisation run by Ernst Stavro Blofeld. Petachi has undergone an operation on his right eye to go far match the retinal blueprint of the US President, which he uses to circumvent iris recognition security at RAF Station Swadley, an American military machine base of operations in England. While doing and then, he replaces the dummy warheads of two AGM-86B prowl missiles with live nuclear warheads; SPECTRE and so steals the warheads, intending to extort billions of dollars from NATO governments. Chroma murders Petachi by causing his motorcar to crash and explode, roofing SPECTRE's tracks.

Strange Secretary Lord Ambrose orders a reluctant M to reactivate the double-0 section, and Bond is tasked with tracking down the missing weapons. Bond follows a lead to the Bahamas where he meets Domino Petachi, the airplane pilot'southward sis, and her wealthy lover Maximillian Largo, who is SPECTRE'southward top agent.

Bond is informed by Nigel Small-scale-Fawcett of the British Loftier Commission that Largo'due south yacht is now heading for Overnice, France. There, Bond joins forces with his French contact Nicole, and his CIA counterpart and friend, Felix Leiter. Bail goes to a health and beauty centre where he poses as an employee and, while giving Domino a massage, is informed by her that Largo is hosting an event at a casino that evening. At the charity event, Largo and Bond play a 3-D video game called Domination; the losing player of each turn receives a serial of electric shocks of increasing intensity in proportion to the amount wagered. Later on losing a few games, Bond ultimately wins, and while dancing with Domino, he informs her that her blood brother had been killed on Largo's orders. Bail returns to his villa to find Nicole killed by Chroma. Afterward a vehicle hunt on his Q-branch motorbike, Bond finds himself in an ambush and is eventually captured by Blush. She admits that she is impressed with him, and forces Bond to declare in writing that she is his "Number One" sexual partner. Bond distracts her with promises, then uses his Q-branch-issue fountain pen gun to impale Blush with an explosive dart.

Bond and Leiter attempt to board Largo's motor yacht, the Flying Saucer, in search of the missing nuclear warheads. Bond finds Domino. He attempts to brand Largo jealous by kissing Domino in front of a 2-style mirror. Largo becomes enraged, traps Bond and takes him and Domino to Palmyra, Largo's base of operations in North Africa. Largo coldly punishes Domino for her betrayal by selling her to some passing Arabs. Bond afterwards escapes from his prison house and rescues her.

Domino and Bond reunite with Leiter on a U.Southward. Navy submarine. Later the start warhead is institute and defused in Washington, D.C., they track Largo to a location known as the Tears of Allah, below a desert oasis on the Ethiopian coast. Bond and Leiter infiltrate the underground facility and a gun battle erupts between Leiter'due south team and Largo'south men in the temple. In the defoliation, Largo makes a getaway with the 2d warhead. Bond catches and fights Largo underwater. Just as Largo tries to use a spear gun to shoot Bond, he is shot with a spear gun by Domino, taking revenge for her brother'south expiry. Bail then defuses the nuclear bomb underwater, saving the world. Bail retires from duty and returns to the Bahama islands with Domino, vowing never again to be a secret agent.

Cast

• Sean Connery equally James Bond, MI6 agent 007.
• Klaus Maria Brandauer equally Maximillian Largo, a billionaire businessman and SPECTRE Number 1, SPECTRE's senior-most agent. He is based on the graphic symbol Emilio Largo in Thunderball
• Max von Sydow as Ernst Stavro Blofeld, the head of SPECTRE.
• Barbara Carrera as Fatima Chroma; SPECTRE Number 12, assigned to hunt downwardly and kill Bond. She is based on Fiona Volpe in Thunderball.
• Kim Basinger equally Domino Petachi, sis of Jack Petachi and girlfriend/mistress of Maximillian Largo. The surname was inverse to Petrescu for the Italian release of the film.
• Bernie Casey as Felix Leiter, Bond'southward CIA contact and friend.
• Alec McCowen as "Q" Algy (Algernon), Double-0 section Quartermaster who issues specialised equipment to Bail.
• Edward Play a trick on as "M", Bail's superior at MI6.
• Pamela Salem as Miss Moneypenny, M's secretary.
• Rowan Atkinson equally Nigel Small-Fawcett, Strange Office representative in the Bahamas.
• Valerie Leon equally Lady in Bahama islands, whom Bond seduces.
• Milow Kirek as Dr. Kovacs, a nuclear physicist working for SPECTRE.
• Pat Roach as Lippe, a SPECTRE assassin who tries to kill Bond at the dispensary.
• Anthony Sharp as Lord Ambrose, Foreign Secretarial assistant who orders 1000 to reactivate the Double-0 section.
• Prunella Gee as Nurse Patricia Fearing, a physiotherapist at the clinic.
• Gavan O'Herlihy as Helm Jack Petachi, a USAF pilot used by SPECTRE to steal the nuclear missiles, and Domino Petachi's brother.

Product

Never Say Never Again had its origins in the early 1960s, post-obit the controversy over the 1961 Thunderball novel.^[3] Fleming had worked with independent producer Kevin McClory and scriptwriter Jack Whittingham on a script for a potential Bond film, to be called Longitude 78 West,^[iv] which was later on abased considering of the costs involved.^[five] Fleming, "always reluctant to permit a good idea lie idle",^[five] turned this into the novel Thunderball, for which he did not credit either McClory or Whittingham;^[vi] McClory and so took Fleming to the High Courtroom in London for breach of copyright^[seven] and the matter was settled in 1963.^[four] After Eon Productions started producing the Bail films, it later made a bargain with McClory, who would produce Thunderball, and so not make any further version of the novel for a period of 10 years post-obit the release of the Eon-produced version in 1965.^[8]

In the mid-1970s McClory again started working on a projection to bring a Thunderball adaptation to production and, with the working title Warhead, he brought writer Len Deighton together with Sean Connery to work on a script.^[9] A lawsuit with Eon Productions ended in a ruling that McClory owned the sole rights to SPECTRE and Blofeld, forcing Eon to remove them from The Spy Who Loved Me (1977).^[10] The script initially focused on SPECTRE shooting downwardly airplanes over the Bermuda Triangle before taking over Liberty Island and Ellis Island equally staging areas for an invasion of New York Metropolis through the sewers nether Wall Street. The script was purchased by Paramount Pictures in 1978.^[10] The script ran into difficulties later on accusations from Danjaq and United Artists that the projection had gone beyond copyright restrictions, which confined McClory to a motion-picture show based only on the novel Thunderball, and in one case over again the projection was deferred.^[8]

Towards the end of the 1970s developments were reported on the project under the name James Bail of the Secret Service,^[8] but when producer Jack Schwartzman became involved in 1980 and cleared a number of the legal issues that still surrounded the project^{[10] [3]} he decided against using Deighton'due south script. The project returned to the original nuclear terrorism plot of the original Thunderball in lodge to avoid another lawsuit from Danjaq and later McClory saw Jimmy Carter mention the effect in a 1980 presidential debate with Ronald Reagan.^[eleven] Schwartzman brought on board scriptwriter Lorenzo Semple, Jr.^[12] to work on the screenplay, who Schwartzman wanted to make the screenplay "somewhere in the middle" betwixt his campier projects such as Batman and his more serious projects such equally Three Days of the Condor.^[10] Connery was unhappy with some aspects of the piece of work and asked Tom Mankiewicz, who had rewritten Diamonds Are Forever, to work on the script; nonetheless, Mankiewicz declined equally he felt he was under a moral obligation to Eon's Albert R. Broccoli.^[13] Semple Jr. ultimately left the project after Irvin Kershner was hired as director and Schwartzman began cutting out the "big numbers" from his script to save on the budget.^[ten] Connery then hired British telly writers Dick Clement and Ian La Frenais^[11] to undertake re-writes, although they went uncredited for their efforts despite much of the final shooting script being theirs. This was because of a restriction by the Writers Guild of America.^[fourteen] Cloudless and La Frenais continued rewriting during the production, oft altering it from day to day.^[10]

The movie underwent one final change in title: after Connery had finished filming Diamonds Are Forever he had pledged that he would "never" play Bond again.^[ix] Connery's wife, Micheline, suggested the championship Never Say Never Again, referring to her married man'south vow^[15] and the producers acknowledged her contribution by list on the stop credits "Title Never Say Never Again past Micheline Connery". A final try by Fleming's trustees to block the flick was made in the Loftier Court in London in the bound of 1983, simply this was thrown out by the court and Never Say Never Again was permitted to proceed.^[16]

Cast and crew

When producer Kevin McClory had first planned the moving-picture show in 1964, he held initial talks with Richard Burton for the part of Bond,^[17] although the projection came to nothing because of the legal issues involved. When the Warhead project was launched in the tardily 1970s, a number of actors were mentioned in the merchandise press, including Orson Welles for the part of Blofeld, Trevor Howard to play M and Richard Attenborough as director.^[ix]

In 1978, the working title James Bail of the Secret Service was being used and Connery was in the frame once once again, potentially going caput-to-head with the adjacent Eon Bond movie, Moonraker.^[18] Past 1980, with legal bug once more causing the project to founder,^[19] Connery thought himself unlikely to play the role, equally he stated in an interview in the Lord's day Express: "When I beginning worked on the script with Len I had no thought of really being in the film."^[20] When producer Jack Schwartzman became involved, he asked Connery to play Bail; Connery agreed, negotiating a fee of $3 million ($viii million in 2020 dollars^[21]), casting and script blessing, and a percentage of the profits.^[22] Subsequent to Connery reprising the role, Semple altered the script to include several references to Bond'southward advancing years – playing on Connery existence 52 at the time of filming^[22] – and academic Jeremy Black has pointed out that at that place are other aspects of age and disillusionment in the motion-picture show, such as the Shrubland's porter referring to Bond's car ("They don't make them like that anymore"), the new M having no use for the 00 section and Q with his reduced budgets.^[23] Originally Semple wanted to emphasize Bond's age even farther, writing the script to include him in semi-retirement working aboard a Scottish fishing trawler hunting Soviet Navy submarines in the North Sea.^[10] Connery'south casting was formally announced in March 1983. He trained with Steven Seagal to help get in shape for the production.^[10]

For the master villain in the film, Maximillian Largo, Connery suggested Klaus Maria Brandauer, the atomic number 82 of the 1981 Academy Accolade-winning Hungarian film Mephisto.^[24] Through the same route came Max von Sydow as Ernst Stavro Blofeld,^[25] although he still retained his Eon-originated white cat in the moving picture.^[26] For the femme fatale, director Irvin Kershner selected onetime model and Playboy cover girl Barbara Carrera to play Fatima Blush – the proper noun coming from one of the early scripts of Thunderball.^[14] Carrera said she modeled her performance on the Hindu goddess Kali, and to "mix that in with a little bit of blackness widow and a little bit of praying mantis."^[10] Carrera'south performance as Fatima Blush earned her a Gold Globe Honour nomination for All-time Supporting Extra,^[27] which she lost to Cher for her role in Silkwood.^[28] Micheline Connery, Sean's wife, had met up-and-coming actress Kim Basinger at the Grosvenor House Hotel in London and suggested her to Connery, and he agreed after Dalila Di Lazzaro refused the Domino role. For the function of Felix Leiter, Connery spoke with Bernie Casey, saying that as the Leiter role was never remembered past audiences, using a black Leiter might make him more memorable.^[24] Others bandage included comedian Rowan Atkinson, who would later parody Bond in his function of Johnny English in 2003.^[29] Atkinson's grapheme was added by Clement and La Frenais after the production had already started in order to provide the film with a comic relief.^[ten] Edward Play tricks was cast as M in gild to portray the graphic symbol as a young technocrat in dissimilarity to the older portrayal by Bernard Lee, and to parody the Thatcher ministry's budget cuts to authorities services.^[10]

Connery wanted to convince Richard Donner to direct the film, but after meeting Donner decided he disliked the script.^[ten] Former Eon Productions' editor and director of On Her Majesty'south Secret Service, Peter R. Hunt, was approached to straight the picture show but declined due to his previous work with Eon.^[xxx] Irvin Kershner, who had previously worked with Connery on A Fine Madness (1966), and had achieved success in 1980 with The Empire Strikes Back was then hired. A number of the crew from the 1981 movie Raiders of the Lost Ark were besides appointed, including showtime assistant director David Tomblin, manager of photography Douglas Slocombe, 2d unit managing director Mickey Moore and production designers Philip Harrison and Stephen Grimes.^{[24] [31]}

Filming

The Kingdom 5KR which acted as Largo's send, the Flying Saucer

Filming for Never Say Never Again began on 27 September 1982 on the French Riviera for 2 months^[14] before moving to Nassau, the Bahamas in mid-Nov^[12] where filming took place at Clifton Pier, which was likewise one of the locations used in Thunderball.^[32] Largo's Palmyran fortress was really celebrated Fort Carré in Antibes.^[33] Largo's ship, the Flying Saucer, was portrayed by the yacht Kingdom 5KR, then owned by Saudi billionaire Adnan Khashoggi and called the Nabila.^[34] The underwater scenes were filmed by Ricou Browning, who had coordinated the underwater scenes in the original Thunderball.^[10] Chief photography finished at Elstree Studios where interior shots were filmed.^[32] Elstree also housed the Tears of Allah underwater cavern, which took 3 months to construct, while the Shrublands health spa was filmed at Luton Hoo.^{[32] [10]} Most of the filming was completed in the spring of 1983, although there was some additional shooting during the summer of 1983.^[12]

Product on the film was troubled,^[35] with Connery taking on many of the production duties with banana director David Tomblin.^[32] Director Irvin Kershner was disquisitional of producer Jack Schwartzman, saying that, while he was a proficient businessman, "he didn't have the experience of a film producer".^[32] After the production ran out of coin, Schwartzman had to fund further product out of his own pocket and later admitted he had underestimated the amount the flick would toll to make.^[35] There was tension on set between Schwartzman and Connery, who at times barely spoke to each other. Connery was unimpressed with the perceived lack of professionalism backside the scenes and was on record as saying that the whole production was a "bloody Mickey Mouse operation!"^[36]

Steven Seagal, who was a martial arts instructor for this film, broke Connery's wrist while training. On an episode of The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Connery revealed he did not know his wrist was broken until over a decade later.^[37]

Music

James Horner was both Kershner's and Schwartzman'due south first choice to etch the score after existence impressed with his work on Star Trek Ii: The Wrath of Khan. Horner, who worked in London for most of the time, wound up unavailable co-ordinate to Kershner, though Schwartzman later on claimed Sean Connery vetoed the American. Frequent Bond composer John Barry was invited, simply declined out of loyalty to Eon.^[38] The music for Never Say Never Again was written by Michel Legrand, who equanimous a score similar to his work as a jazz pianist.^[39] The score has been criticised every bit "anachronistic and misjudged",^[32] "bizarrely intermittent"^[31] and "the most disappointing characteristic of the film".^[24] Legrand too wrote the master theme "Never Say Never Again", which featured lyrics past Alan and Marilyn Bergman — who had also worked with Legrand on the Academy Honor-winning song "The Windmills of Your Mind"^[40] — and was performed by Lani Hall^[24] after Bonnie Tyler, who disliked the song, had reluctantly declined.^[41]

Phyllis Hyman also recorded a potential theme song, written by Stephen Forsyth and Jim Ryan, but the song — an unsolicited submission — was passed over, given Legrand's contractual obligations with the music.^[42]

Legal substitutions

Many of the elements of the Eon-produced Bond films were not present in Never Say Never Once more for legal reasons. These included the gun barrel sequence, where a screen full of 007 symbols appeared instead, and similarly in that location was no "James Bond Theme" to utilise, although no effort was fabricated to supply another tune.^[12] A pre-credits sequence was filmed but not used;^[43] instead the film opens with the credits run over the top of the opening sequence of Bond on a training mission.^[32]

Release and reception

Never Say Never Again opened on 7 October 1983 in 1,550 theatres grossing an October record $10,958,157 over the iv-twenty-four hour period Columbus Day weekend^[2] which was reported to be "the best opening tape of whatsoever James Bond pic" upwardly to that point^[44] surpassing Octopussy 's $8.nine meg from June that year. The film had its U.k. premiere at the Warner West End movie house in Leicester Square on xiv Dec 1983.^[32] Worldwide, Never Say Never Again grossed $160 million,^[45] which was a solid return on the upkeep of $36 meg.^[45] The motion picture ultimately earned less than Octopussy which grossed $187.5 1000000.^{[46] [47]} Information technology was the first James Bond film to exist officially released in the Soviet Union, premiering in the summer of 1990 with a gala in Moscow.^[48]

Warner Bros. released Never Say Never Again on VHS and Betamax in 1984,^[49] and on laserdisc in 1995.^[50] Subsequently Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer purchased the distribution rights in 1997 (see Legacy, beneath), the visitor has released the film on both VHS and DVD in 2001,^[51] and on Blu-ray in 2009.^[52]

Contemporary reviews

Never Say Never Again was broadly welcomed and praised by the critics: Ian Christie, writing in the Daily Express, said that Never Say Never Once more was "one of the better Bonds",^[53] finding the film "superbly witty and entertaining, ... the dialogue is crisp and the fight scenes imaginative".^[53] Christie also idea that "Connery has lost none of his charm and, if annihilation, is more than appealing than always as the stylish resolute hero".^[53] David Robinson, writing in The Times also concentrated on Connery, saying that: "Connery ... is dorsum, looking hardly a day older or thicker, and still outclassing every other exponent of the function, in the goodnatured throwaway with which he parries all the sex and violence on the way".^[54] For Robinson, the presence of Connery and Klaus Maria Brandauer every bit Maximillian Largo "very nearly make it all worthwhile."^[54] The reviewer for Fourth dimension Out summed up Never Say Never Again saying "The action's good, the photography splendid, the sets decent; but the existent clincher is the fact that Bond is over again played by a man with the correct stuff."^[55]

Derek Malcolm in The Guardian showed himself to be a fan of Connery'south Bail, proverb the motion picture contains "the best Bond in the business",^[56] only nevertheless did not find Never Say Never Again any more enjoyable than the recently released Octopussy (starring Roger Moore), or "that either of them came very virtually to matching Dr. No or From Russia with Love".^[56] Malcolm's main issue with the film was that he had a "feeling that a constant struggle was going on betwixt a desire to make a huge box-office success and the endeavour to make character as important equally stunts".^[56] Malcolm summed up that "the mix remains obstinately the same – up to scratch simply not surpassing it".^[56] Writing in The Observer, Philip French noted that "this curiously muted flick ends upward making no contribution of its own and inviting damaging comparisons with the original, hyper-confident Thunderball".^[57] French concluded that "like an hour-glass total of clammy sand, the pic moves with increasing slowness as information technology approaches a confused climax in the Persian Gulf".^[57]

Writing for Newsweek, critic Jack Kroll idea the early part of the film was handled "with wit and mode",^[58] although he went on to say that the director was "hamstrung by Lorenzo Semple's script".^[58] Richard Schickel, writing in Time magazine praised the picture show and its cast. He wrote that Klaus Maria Brandauer's grapheme was "played with silky, neurotic amuse",^[59] while Barbara Carrera, playing Fatima Blush, "deftly parodies all the fatal femmes who take slithered through Bond's career".^[59] Schickel's highest praise was saved for the return of Connery, observing "information technology is good to see Connery'south grave stylishness in this role once more. It makes Bond's cynicism and opportunism seem the production of genuine worldliness (and world weariness) as opposed to Roger Moore'southward mere twirpishness."^[59]

Janet Maslin, writing in The New York Times, was broadly praising of the film, saying she thought that Never Say Never Over again "has noticeably more humor and character than the Bond films usually provide. Information technology has a marvelous villain in Largo."^[lx] Maslin also thought highly of Connery in the role, observing that "in Never Say Never Once more, the formula is broadened to accommodate an older, seasoned human of much greater stature, and Mr. Connery expertly fills the nib."^[60] Writing in The Washington Post, Gary Arnold was fulsome in his praise, saying that Never Say Never Over again is "ane of the best James Bail adventure thrillers ever made",^[61] going on to say that "this moving-picture show is likely to remain a cherished, savory example of commercial filmmaking at its most astute and accomplished."^[61] Arnold went further, saying that "Never Say Never Again is the best acted Bail picture ever made, considering information technology clearly surpasses whatsoever predecessors in the surface area of inventive and clever character delineation".^[61]

The critic for The Globe and Post, Jay Scott, as well praised the pic, saying that Never Say Never Again "may be the only instalment of the long-running series that has been helmed by a first-rate director."^[62] According to Scott, the director, with high-quality support cast, resulted in the "classiest of all the Bonds".^[62] Roger Ebert gave the film 3½ out of 4 stars, and wrote that Never Say Never Over again, while consisting of a basic "Bond plot", was different from other Bond films: "For i thing, there's more of a human element in the movie, and it comes from Klaus Maria Brandauer, as Largo."^[63] Ebert went on to add together, "in that location was never a Beatles reunion ... only here, by God, is Sean Connery as Sir James Bail. Good work, 007."^[63] Gene Siskel of The Chicago Tribune also gave the film 3½ out of 4 stars, writing that the motion-picture show was "ane of the best 007 adventures ever made".^[64]

Colin Greenland reviewed Never Say Never Again for Imagine magazine, and stated that "Never Say Never Again is a conceited male sexist fantasy, where women can be only femmes fatales or passive victims."^[65]

Retrospective reviews

Because Never Say Never Again is not an Eon-produced film, it has not been included in a number of subsequent reviews. Norman Wilner of MSN said that 1967's Casino Royale and Never Say Never Again "exist outside the 'official' continuity, [and] are excluded from this list, just as they're absent from MGM'south megabox. Merely accept my word for information technology; they're both pretty atrocious".^[66] Retrospective reviews of the film remain positive. Rotten Tomatoes sampled 53 critics and judged 70% of the reviews as positive, with an average rating of 5.threescore/ten. The site's critical consensus reads: "While the rehashed story feels rather uninspired and unnecessary, the return of both Sean Connery and a more understated Bond make Never Say Never Again a watchable retread."^[67] The score is still more positive than some of the Eon films, with Rotten Tomatoes ranking Never Say Never Once again 16th among all Bond films in 2008.^[68] On Metacritic, the moving picture has a weighted average score of 68 out of 100 based on xv critics, indicating generally favourable reviews.^[69] Empire gives the film three of a possible five stars, observing that "Connery was perchance wise to call information technology quits the first fourth dimension round".^[lxx] IGN gave Never Say Never Again a score of five out of 10, claiming that the film "is more miss than hit".^[71] The review likewise thought that the film was "marred with too many clunky exposition scenes and not enough moments of Bond beingness Bond".^[71]

In 1995 Michael Sauter of Entertainment Weekly rated Never Say Never Once more every bit the ninth best Bond picture show to that signal, subsequently 17 films had been released. Sauter thought the film "is successful only equally a portrait of an over-the-colina superhero." He admitted that "fifty-fifty past his prime, Connery proves that nobody does information technology meliorate".^[72] James Berardinelli, in his review of Never Say Never Over again, thinks the re-writing of the Thunderball story has led to a motion-picture show which has "a hokey, jokey feel, [it] is possibly the worst-written Bond script of all".^[73] Berardinelli concludes that "it's a major disappointment that, having lured back the original 007, the film makers couldn't offering him something better than this drawn-out, hackneyed story."^[73] Critic Danny Peary wrote that "it was nifty to see Sean Connery return as James Bond subsequently a dozen years".^[74] He too thought the supporting bandage was good, saying that Klaus Maria Brandauer'due south Largo was "neurotic, vulnerable ... one of the most complex of Bail'south foes"^[74] and that Barbara Carrera and Kim Basinger "brand lasting impressions."^[74] Peary likewise wrote that the "film is exotic, well acted, and stylishly directed ... It would be 1 of the best Bond films if the finale weren't disappointing. When will filmmakers realize that underwater fight scenes don't work considering viewers normally can't tell the hero and villain autonomously and they know doubles are being used?"^[74]

Legacy

Originally Never Say Never Again was intended to start a series of Bond films produced by Schwartzman and starring Connery as James Bond, with McClory announcing the next planned film S.P.E.C.T.R.East in a February 1984 result of Screen International.^[75] When Connery announced that he would non reprise his role every bit Bond in another movie produced by Schwartzman 3 weeks before the deadline to buy the rights to another motion-picture show for $five million, Schwartzman said that he was unlikely to brand another picture show without a deal from MGM/UA and Danjaq.^{[48] [76]}

In the 1990s, McClory announced plans to make another accommodation of the Thunderball story starring Timothy Dalton entitled Warhead 2000 AD, simply the film was eventually scrapped.^[77] In 1997 Sony Pictures acquired McClory's rights for an undisclosed amount,^[four] and subsequently announced that it intended to make a series of Bond films, as the company also held the rights to Casino Royale.^[78] This move prompted a round of litigation from MGM, which was settled out-of-court, forcing Sony to give up all claims on Bail; McClory nevertheless claimed he would proceed with another Bail film,^[79] and continued his example against MGM and Danjaq;^[80] On 27 Baronial 2001 the court rejected McClory's arrange.^[81] McClory died in 2006;^[77] MGM's acquisition of the rights to Casino Royale finally allowed Eon Productions to make a serious, non-satirical film accommodation of that novel the same year with Daniel Craig as James Bond. Ultimately, McClory'due south heirs sold the Thunderball rights to Eon, allowing the company to reintroduce Blofeld to the Eon series in the movie Spectre.

On 4 December 1997, MGM announced that the visitor had purchased the rights to Never Say Never Over again from Schwartzman's company Taliafilm.^{[82] [83]} The company has since handled the release of both the DVD and Blu-ray editions of the film.^{[84] [52]}

Encounter also

• Outline of James Bond

References

1. ^ "Never Say Never Again (1983)". BBFC . Retrieved thirteen June 2021.
2. ^ ^{a b} "Never Say Never Again". Box Office Mojo . Retrieved 20 September 2019.
3. ^ ^{a b} Pfeiffer & Worrall 1998, p. 213.
4. ^ ^{a b c} Poliakoff, Keith (2000). "License to Copyright – The Ongoing Dispute Over the Buying of James Bond" (PDF). Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Constabulary Journal. Benjamin Due north. Cardozo School of Law. 18: 387–436. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 March 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2011.
5. ^ ^{a b} Chancellor 2005, p. 226.
6. ^ Macintyre 2008, p. 198.
7. ^ Macintyre 2008, p. 199.
8. ^ ^{a b c} Chapman 2009, p. 184.
9. ^ ^{a b c} Barnes & Hearn 2001, p. 152.
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Bibliography

• Barnes, Alan; Hearn, Marcus (2001). Kiss Kiss Bang! Blindside!: the Unofficial James Bond Film Companion. Batsford Books. ISBN978-0-7134-8182-2.
• Benson, Raymond (1988). The James Bond Bedside Companion. London: Boxtree Ltd. ISBN1-85283-234-7.
• Blackness, Jeremy (2004). Britain Since the Seventies: Politics and Guild in the Consumer Age. Guilford: Biddles Ltd. ISBN978-i-86189-201-0.
• Blackness, Jeremy (2005). The Politics of James Bond: from Fleming's Novel to the Big Screen . University of Nebraska Press. ISBN978-0-8032-6240-nine.
• Burlingame, Jon (2012). The Music of James Bond. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0-19-986330-3.
• Chancellor, Henry (2005). James Bail: The Human being and His World. London: John Murray. ISBN978-0-7195-6815-2.
• Chapman, James (2009). Licence to Thrill: A Cultural History of the James Bond Films. New York: I.B. Tauris. ISBN978-1-84511-515-9.
• Lindner, Christoph (2003). The James Bail Phenomenon: a Critical Reader. Manchester University Printing. ISBN978-0-7190-6541-5.
• Macintyre, Ben (2008). For Yours Eyes Only. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN978-0-7475-9527-four.
• Mankiewicz, Tom; Crane, Robert (2012). My Life as a Mankiewicz. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky. ISBN978-0-8131-3605-9.
• Peary, Danny (1986). Guide for the Movie Fanatic. Simon & Schuster. ISBN978-0-671-61081-4.
• Pfeiffer, Lee; Worrall, Dave (1998). The Essential Bond. London: Boxtree Ltd. ISBN978-0-7522-2477-0.
• Pratt, Douglas (2005). Doug Pratt'south DVD: Movies, Television, Music, Fine art, Adult, and More!. London: UNET 2 Corporation. ISBN978-1-932916-01-0.
• Reeves, Tony (2001). The Worldwide Guide to Picture Locations . Chicago: A Cappella. ISBN978-i-55652-432-5.
• Smith, Jim (2002). Bond Films . London: Virgin Books. ISBN978-0-7535-0709-4.

External links

• Never Say Never Again at IMDb
• Never Say Never Once again at AllMovie
• Never Say Never Once more at Rotten Tomatoes
• Never Say Never Once more at Box Office Mojo
• Never Say Never Over again at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer

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